Gender of nouns
Spanish nouns have a grammatical gender: masculine or feminine. The easiest way to learn this is together with the matching article - [[el]] for masculine, [[la]] for feminine - instead of learning the noun on its own.
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Singular and plural
Spanish has a singular (one person or thing) and a plural (more than one). Most of the time you form the plural by adding an ending to the noun.
Open topic →Definite articles
[[el]], [[la]], [[los]] and [[las]] are the Spanish definite articles - roughly "the" for singular and plural nouns. Unlike English, Spanish nouns have grammatical gender, and the article that fits depends entirely on the Spanish noun itself, not on its English translation.
Open topic →Indefinite articles
[[un]], [[una]], [[unos]] and [[unas]] are the Spanish indefinite articles - roughly "a/an" in the singular and "some" in the plural. Just like [[el]], [[la]], [[los]] and [[las]], they agree with the noun's gender and number, but they point to something unspecified rather than one particular thing.
Open topic →hay and estar for location
[[hay]] means "there is/are" - you use it when you mention something for the first time or simply say that it exists: [[Hay un banco cerca.]] [[estar]], on the other hand, gives the location of a specific, already-known thing: [[El banco está cerca.]] Both sentences look similar, but they express something different.
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